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12 KiB
Markdown
535 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# zjsjgjyyzx.cn 主站 HTTPS 与校验文件部署操作手册
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最后更新:2026-09-07
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## 1. 适用范围
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本文档适用于腾讯云测试服务器上的主站域名 `zjsjgjyyzx.cn`,涵盖:
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- Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书申请与部署
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- 保留 HTTP `80` 和 HTTPS `443` 的独立访问能力
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- Certbot 自动续期、证书同步和 Nginx reload
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- 域名根目录 TXT 校验文件发布
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- 配置验证与回滚
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本文档**不适用于**导览 H5 站点 `guide.whaoyue.com:8888/4433`。该导览站点使用独立容器 `sgs-nature-nginx`,其部署手册见:
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```text
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docs/deployment/guide-test-server-nginx-ssl.md
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```
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## 2. 当前部署目标与拓扑
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| 项目 | 当前值 |
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| --- | --- |
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| 域名 | `zjsjgjyyzx.cn` |
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| 服务器公网 IP | `124.220.83.186` |
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| HTTP 地址 | `http://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/` |
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| HTTPS 地址 | `https://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/` |
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| 主 Nginx 容器 | `nginx` |
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| Nginx 镜像 | `nginx:latest` |
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| Docker 网络 | `bridge` |
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| 宿主机端口映射 | `80 -> 80`、`443 -> 443` |
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请求链路:
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```text
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HTTP 用户 -> zjsjgjyyzx.cn:80 -> nginx Docker 容器 -> 后台主站
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HTTPS 用户 -> zjsjgjyyzx.cn:443 -> nginx Docker 容器 -> 后台主站
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```
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当前要求是 **HTTP 和 HTTPS 均可直接访问**。不要在 HTTP server 中配置强制跳转到 HTTPS,除非业务要求变更且完成专项验证。
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## 3. 关键目录与文件
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### 3.1 Nginx
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| 宿主机路径 | 容器路径 | 用途 |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| `/data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf` | `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf` | Nginx 主配置 |
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| `/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/` | `/etc/nginx/conf.d/` | 站点配置目录 |
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| `/data/nginx/html/` | `/usr/share/nginx/html/` | 静态资源根目录 |
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| `/data/nginx/html/admin-ui/` | `/usr/share/nginx/html/admin-ui/` | 主站前端根目录 |
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| `/data/nginx/ssl/` | `/etc/nginx/ssl/` | Nginx 可读取的证书目录 |
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| `/data/nginx/logs/` | `/var/log/nginx/` | Nginx 日志 |
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主站 HTTP 配置:
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```text
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/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt.conf
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```
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主站 HTTPS 配置:
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```text
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/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt-ssl.conf
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```
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### 3.2 证书
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Certbot 管理的原始证书:
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```text
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/etc/letsencrypt/live/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/fullchain.pem
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/etc/letsencrypt/live/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/privkey.pem
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```
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Nginx 容器读取的同步副本:
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```text
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/data/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/fullchain.pem
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/data/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/privkey.pem
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```
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权限要求:
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```text
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fullchain.pem: 0644
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privkey.pem: 0600
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```
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### 3.3 自动续期 Hook
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```text
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/etc/letsencrypt/renewal-hooks/deploy/zjsjgjyyzx.cn-nginx.sh
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```
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该 Hook 在证书续期成功后执行以下操作:
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1. 将证书复制到 `/data/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/`。
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2. 设置证书与私钥的安全权限。
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3. 执行 `docker exec nginx nginx -t`。
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4. 执行 `docker exec nginx nginx -s reload`。
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## 4. 部署前检查
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### 4.1 DNS 与备案
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域名 A 记录必须统一指向:
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```text
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zjsjgjyyzx.cn -> 124.220.83.186
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```
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至少使用多个公共 DNS 核对:
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```bash
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for r in 8.8.8.8 1.1.1.1 223.5.5.5 119.29.29.29; do
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printf "$r A="
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nslookup -type=A zjsjgjyyzx.cn "$r" 2>/dev/null |
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awk '/Address: /{print $2}' | tail -1
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done
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```
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如使用阿里云 DNS,可检查权威记录:
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```bash
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dig +short A zjsjgjyyzx.cn @dns9.hichina.com
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dig +short A zjsjgjyyzx.cn @dns10.hichina.com
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```
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所有结果都应为:
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```text
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124.220.83.186
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```
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中国大陆服务器使用 HTTP-01 申请证书前,应确保域名备案已通过并已生效。若备案未完成或 DNS 线路未完全刷新,Let’s Encrypt 可能访问到运营商/平台拦截页,导致验证失败。
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### 4.2 Nginx 与端口
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```bash
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docker inspect nginx --format 'status={{.State.Status}} ports={{json .HostConfig.PortBindings}}'
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docker exec nginx nginx -t
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ss -lntp | grep -E ':(80|443)([[:space:]]|$)'
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```
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预期:
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- Nginx 容器为 `running`
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- 宿主机 `80` 和 `443` 都由 Docker 映射监听
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- `nginx -t` 通过
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### 4.3 ACME 校验路径
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HTTP-01 校验规则必须存在于 `zhjzpt.conf` 的 `server` 块内:
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```nginx
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location ^~ /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
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root /usr/share/nginx/html;
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try_files $uri =404;
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default_type text/plain;
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}
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```
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验证校验路径:
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```bash
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mkdir -p /data/nginx/html/.well-known/acme-challenge
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printf 'acme-check-ok\n' \
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> /data/nginx/html/.well-known/acme-challenge/verify-test
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curl -i http://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/.well-known/acme-challenge/verify-test
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rm -f /data/nginx/html/.well-known/acme-challenge/verify-test
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```
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必须收到 `200 OK` 和测试文本;校验文件不能被 SPA fallback 返回为首页 HTML。
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## 5. 申请 SSL 证书
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### 5.1 安装 Certbot
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Ubuntu 22.04:
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```bash
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apt-get update -qq
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apt-get install -y -qq certbot
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```
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检查:
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```bash
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certbot --version
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systemctl status certbot.timer --no-pager
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```
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### 5.2 使用 HTTP-01 Webroot 签发
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```bash
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certbot certonly \
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--webroot \
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-w /data/nginx/html \
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-d zjsjgjyyzx.cn \
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--non-interactive \
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--agree-tos \
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-m '<运维联系邮箱>' \
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--keep-until-expiring
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```
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成功后检查:
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```bash
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openssl x509 \
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-in /etc/letsencrypt/live/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/fullchain.pem \
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-noout -subject -issuer -dates
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```
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将证书同步到 Nginx 挂载目录:
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```bash
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install -d -o root -g root -m 0755 /data/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn
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install -o root -g root -m 0644 \
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/etc/letsencrypt/live/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/fullchain.pem \
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/data/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/fullchain.pem
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install -o root -g root -m 0600 \
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/etc/letsencrypt/live/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/privkey.pem \
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/data/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/privkey.pem
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```
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### 5.3 常见申请失败:CA 命中旧 IP 或拦截页
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若 Certbot 输出中出现非本服务器 IP,或类似:
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```text
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Invalid response from https://dnspod.qcloud.com/static/webblock.html
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```
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不要继续重复申请。先检查:
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- 所有 DNS 线路是否统一为 `124.220.83.186`
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- 域名备案是否已生效
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- `80` 端口是否可从公网访问
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- `/.well-known/acme-challenge/` 是否返回实际验证文件
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- 是否存在旧 A 记录、CNAME、线路分流或平台拦截
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## 6. Nginx 配置
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### 6.1 HTTP 80 配置
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文件:
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```text
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/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt.conf
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```
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HTTP 站点应继续:
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```nginx
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name zjsjgjyyzx.cn 124.220.83.186 _;
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# 保留现有静态页面与代理规则
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}
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```
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不要加入以下跳转规则,否则不再满足 HTTP、HTTPS 都直接可访问的要求:
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```nginx
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return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
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```
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### 6.2 HTTPS 443 配置
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文件:
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```text
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/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt-ssl.conf
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```
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HTTPS 配置应与 HTTP 站点保持功能等价,至少包含:
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- 静态站点根目录:`/usr/share/nginx/html/admin-ui`
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- `/kkfileview/` 代理
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- `/dp/` 静态目录
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- `/.well-known/acme-challenge/` 规则
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- `/admin-api/` 代理
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- `/app-api/` 代理
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- 根路径 SPA fallback
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核心 TLS 配置:
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```nginx
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server {
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listen 443 ssl;
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server_name zjsjgjyyzx.cn;
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root /usr/share/nginx/html/admin-ui;
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index index.html;
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charset utf-8;
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ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/fullchain.pem;
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ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/zjsjgjyyzx.cn/privkey.pem;
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ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
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ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
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ssl_session_timeout 10m;
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# 以下保持与 HTTP 站点相同的静态和代理 location
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}
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```
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配置修改前先备份:
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```bash
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TS=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)
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cp -p /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt.conf \
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"/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt.conf.bak-$TS-before-change"
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[ ! -f /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt-ssl.conf ] || \
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cp -p /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt-ssl.conf \
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"/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt-ssl.conf.bak-$TS"
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```
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检查并 reload:
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```bash
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docker exec nginx nginx -t
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docker exec nginx nginx -s reload
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```
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`nginx -t` 失败时不得 reload。应先恢复备份,重新检查通过后再 reload。
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## 7. Certbot 自动续期
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### 7.1 Deploy Hook 内容
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创建:
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```text
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/etc/letsencrypt/renewal-hooks/deploy/zjsjgjyyzx.cn-nginx.sh
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```
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内容:
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```sh
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#!/bin/sh
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set -eu
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DOMAIN="zjsjgjyyzx.cn"
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LIVE="/etc/letsencrypt/live/${DOMAIN}"
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TARGET="/data/nginx/ssl/${DOMAIN}"
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install -d -o root -g root -m 0755 "$TARGET"
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install -o root -g root -m 0644 "$LIVE/fullchain.pem" "$TARGET/fullchain.pem"
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install -o root -g root -m 0600 "$LIVE/privkey.pem" "$TARGET/privkey.pem"
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docker exec nginx nginx -t
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docker exec nginx nginx -s reload
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```
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设置权限:
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```bash
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chmod 700 /etc/letsencrypt/renewal-hooks/deploy/zjsjgjyyzx.cn-nginx.sh
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```
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### 7.2 测试续期
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```bash
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certbot renew --dry-run
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systemctl is-enabled certbot.timer
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systemctl is-active certbot.timer
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```
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预期:
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```text
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certbot renew --dry-run:模拟续期成功
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enabled
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active
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```
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## 8. 域名根目录校验文件
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主站根目录是:
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```text
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/data/nginx/html/admin-ui/
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```
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发布第三方验证文件时,保持原始文件名和内容。例如文件名为 `example.txt`:
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```bash
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install -o root -g root -m 0644 /tmp/example.txt \
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/data/nginx/html/admin-ui/example.txt
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```
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验证:
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```bash
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curl -i http://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/example.txt
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curl -i https://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/example.txt
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```
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两个地址都应返回:
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```text
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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```
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当前已发布的校验文件:
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```text
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/data/nginx/html/admin-ui/f7TyKy8B8f.txt
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```
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对应访问地址:
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```text
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http://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/f7TyKy8B8f.txt
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https://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/f7TyKy8B8f.txt
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```
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## 9. 部署后验证
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### 9.1 HTTP 与 HTTPS 首页
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```bash
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curl -I --max-time 30 http://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/
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curl -I --max-time 30 https://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/
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```
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两者都应返回:
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```text
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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```
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HTTP 不应返回 `301/302` 到 HTTPS。
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### 9.2 TLS 证书
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```bash
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printf '' | openssl s_client \
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-connect zjsjgjyyzx.cn:443 \
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-servername zjsjgjyyzx.cn 2>/dev/null |
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openssl x509 -noout -subject -issuer -dates
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```
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预期主体:
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```text
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subject=CN=zjsjgjyyzx.cn
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```
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### 9.3 HTTPS API
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```bash
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curl -sS -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code} %{content_type}\n' \
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--max-time 30 \
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https://zjsjgjyyzx.cn/app-api/system/menu/list
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```
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预期:
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```text
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200 application/json;charset=UTF-8
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```
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### 9.4 Nginx 与续期
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```bash
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docker exec nginx nginx -t
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certbot certificates
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certbot renew --dry-run
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```
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## 10. 回滚
|
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|
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### 10.1 回滚 HTTPS 配置
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如果 HTTPS 新配置导致 `nginx -t` 失败或业务异常:
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|
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```bash
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set -e
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CFGDIR=/data/nginx/conf/conf.d
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BACKUP="$CFGDIR/zhjzpt-ssl.conf.bak-YYYYMMDDHHMMSS"
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|
||
test -f "$BACKUP"
|
||
cp -p "$BACKUP" "$CFGDIR/zhjzpt-ssl.conf"
|
||
docker exec nginx nginx -t
|
||
docker exec nginx nginx -s reload
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要临时停用 HTTPS server:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
set -e
|
||
mv /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt-ssl.conf \
|
||
/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/zhjzpt-ssl.conf.disabled
|
||
|
||
docker exec nginx nginx -t
|
||
docker exec nginx nginx -s reload
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
这不会影响现有 HTTP 80 站点。
|
||
|
||
### 10.2 回滚 HTTP 配置
|
||
|
||
只在误改 `zhjzpt.conf` 时恢复:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
set -e
|
||
CFGDIR=/data/nginx/conf/conf.d
|
||
BACKUP="$CFGDIR/zhjzpt.conf.bak-YYYYMMDDHHMMSS-before-change"
|
||
|
||
test -f "$BACKUP"
|
||
cp -p "$BACKUP" "$CFGDIR/zhjzpt.conf"
|
||
docker exec nginx nginx -t
|
||
docker exec nginx nginx -s reload
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
不要删除 `/data/nginx/html/admin-ui/` 整个目录,以免影响后台前端和根目录校验文件。
|
||
|
||
## 11. 2026-09-07 实施记录
|
||
|
||
- 域名备案生效后,权威 DNS 和公共 DNS 均解析到 `124.220.83.186`。
|
||
- 使用 Certbot HTTP-01 Webroot 模式成功签发 `zjsjgjyyzx.cn` 证书。
|
||
- 证书签发机构:Let’s Encrypt YR2。
|
||
- 该证书有效至 `2026-12-06 01:29:53 GMT`。
|
||
- 新增 `zhjzpt-ssl.conf`,监听 `443 ssl`。
|
||
- 保留 `zhjzpt.conf` 的 `80` HTTP 站点,不执行 HTTP 到 HTTPS 跳转。
|
||
- HTTP 首页、HTTPS 首页和 HTTPS `/app-api/system/menu/list` 均验证返回 `200`。
|
||
- Certbot `renew --dry-run` 成功。
|
||
- `certbot.timer` 处于 `enabled` 和 `active` 状态。
|
||
- 发布根目录校验文件 `f7TyKy8B8f.txt`,HTTP 和 HTTPS 均返回 `200`。
|